Interesting chemistry at home. Science show for children for the holiday

Experiments at home are great way introduce children to the basics of physics and chemistry, and facilitate the understanding of complex abstract laws and terms through visual demonstration. Moreover, for their implementation it is not necessary to acquire expensive reagents or special equipment. After all, without hesitation, we conduct experiments every day at home - from adding slaked soda to the dough to connecting batteries to a flashlight. Read on to find out how easy, simple and safe it is to conduct interesting experiments.

Chemical experiments at home

Does the image of a professor with a glass flask and scorched eyebrows immediately appear in your head? Do not worry, our chemical experiments at home are completely safe, interesting and useful. Thanks to them, the child will easily remember what exo- and endothermic reactions are and what is the difference between them.

So, let's make hatching dinosaur eggs that can be successfully used as bath bombs.

For experience you need:

small dinosaur figurines;
baking soda;
vegetable oil;
lemon acid;
food coloring or liquid watercolors.

The order of the experiment

Pour ½ cup baking soda into a small bowl and add about ¼ tsp. liquid paints (or dissolve 1-2 drops of food coloring in ¼ tsp of water), mix the baking soda with your fingers to get an even color.
Add 1 tbsp. l. citric acid. Mix dry ingredients thoroughly.
Add 1 tsp. vegetable oil.
You should end up with a crumbly dough that barely sticks together when pressed. If it does not want to stick together at all, then slowly add ¼ tsp. butter until you reach the desired consistency.
Now take a dinosaur figurine and cover it with dough in the shape of an egg. It will be very brittle at first, so it should be left overnight (minimum 10 hours) for it to harden.
Then you can start a fun experiment: fill the bathroom with water and drop an egg into it. It will hiss furiously as it dissolves into the water. It will be cold when touched, as it is an endothermic reaction between an acid and a base, absorbing heat from the environment.

Please note that the bathroom may become slippery due to the addition of oil.

Elephant Toothpaste

Experiments at home, the result of which can be felt and touched, are very popular with children. One of them is this fun project that ends up with lots of thick, fluffy colored foam.

To carry it out you will need:

goggles for a child;
dry active yeast;
warm water;
hydrogen peroxide 6%;
dishwashing detergent or liquid soap (not antibacterial);
funnel;
plastic sequins (necessarily non-metallic);
food colorings;
bottle 0.5 l (it is best to take a bottle with a wide bottom, for greater stability, but a regular plastic one will do).

The experiment itself is extremely simple:

1 tsp dissolve dry yeast in 2 tbsp. l. warm water.
In a bottle placed in a sink or dish with high sides, pour ½ cup of hydrogen peroxide, a drop of dye, glitter and a little dishwashing liquid (several pumps on the dispenser).
Insert a funnel and pour in the yeast. The reaction will start immediately, so act quickly.

The yeast acts as a catalyst and speeds up the release of hydrogen from the peroxide, and when the gas interacts with the soap, it creates a huge amount of foam. This is an exothermic reaction, with the release of heat, so if you touch the bottle after the "eruption" stops, it will be warm. Since the hydrogen immediately escapes, it's just soap suds to play with.

Physics experiments at home

Did you know that lemon can be used as a battery? True, very weak. Experiments at home with citrus fruits will demonstrate to children the operation of a battery and a closed electrical circuit.

For the experiment you will need:

lemons - 4 pcs.;
galvanized nails - 4 pcs.;
small pieces of copper (you can take coins) - 4 pcs.;
alligator clips with short wires (about 20 cm) - 5 pcs.;
small light bulb or flashlight - 1 pc.

Let there be light

Here's how to do the experience:

Roll on a hard surface, then lightly squeeze the lemons to release the juice inside the skins.
Insert one galvanized nail and one piece of copper into each lemon. Line them up.
Connect one end of the wire to a galvanized nail and the other end to a piece of copper in another lemon. Repeat this step until all fruits are connected.
When you are done, you should be left with one 1 nail and 1 piece of copper that are not connected to anything. Prepare your light bulb, determine the polarity of the battery.
Connect the remaining piece of copper (plus) and nail (minus) to the plus and minus of the flashlight. Thus, a chain of connected lemons is a battery.
Turn on a light bulb that will work on the energy of fruits!

To repeat such experiments at home, potatoes, especially green ones, are also suitable.

How it works? Lemon acid, contained in a lemon, reacts with two different metals, which causes the ions to move in one direction, creating an electric current. All chemical sources of electricity work on this principle.

Summer fun

You don't have to stay indoors to do some experiments. Some experiments will work better outdoors, and you won't have to clean anything up after they're done. These include interesting experiments at home with air bubbles, and not simple ones, but huge ones.

To make them you will need:

2 wooden sticks 50-100 cm long (depending on the age and height of the child);
2 metal screw-in ears;
1 metal washer;
3 m cotton cord;
bucket with water;
any detergent - for dishes, shampoo, liquid soap.

Here's how to conduct spectacular experiments for children at home:

Screw metal ears into the ends of the sticks.
Cut the cotton cord into two parts, 1 and 2 m long. You can not exactly adhere to these measurements, but it is important that the proportion between them is 1 to 2.
Put a washer on a long piece of rope so that it sags evenly in the center, and tie both ropes to the ears on the sticks, forming a loop.
Mix a small amount of detergent in a bucket of water.
Gently dipping the loop on the sticks into the liquid, start blowing giant bubbles. To separate them from each other, carefully bring the ends of the two sticks together.

What is the scientific component of this experience? Explain to the children that bubbles are held together by surface tension, the attractive force that holds the molecules of any liquid together. Its action is manifested in the fact that spilled water collects in drops that tend to acquire a spherical shape, as the most compact of all that exists in nature, or that water, when poured, collects in cylindrical streams. At the bubble, a layer of liquid molecules is clamped on both sides by soap molecules, which increase its surface tension when distributed over the surface of the bubble, and prevent it from quickly evaporating. As long as the sticks are kept open, the water is held in the form of a cylinder; as soon as they are closed, it tends to a spherical shape.

Here are some experiments at home you can do with children.

Who didn't believe in miracles as a child? To have fun and informative time with your baby, you can try to carry out experiments from entertaining chemistry. They are safe, interesting and educational. These experiments will answer many children's "why" and arouse interest in science and knowledge of the world. And today I want to tell you what experiments for children at home can be organized by parents.

pharaoh snake

This experiment is based on increasing the volume of the mixed reagents. In the process of burning, they transform and, wriggling, resemble a snake. The experiment got its name thanks to the biblical miracle, when Moses, who came to the pharaoh with a request, turned his rod into a snake.

For the experience you will need the following ingredients:

ordinary sand;
ethanol;
crushed sugar;
baking soda.

We impregnate the sand with alcohol, after that we form a small hill out of it and make a recess at the top. After that, we mix a small spoonful of powdered sugar and a pinch of soda, then we fall asleep everything in an impromptu "crater". We set fire to our volcano, the alcohol in the sand begins to burn out, and black balls form. They are a decomposition product of soda and caramelized sugar.

After all the alcohol has burned out, the sand slide will turn black and a writhing "black pharaoh's snake" will form. This experiment looks more impressive with the use of real reagents and strong acids, which can only be used in a chemical laboratory.

You can do it a little easier and buy a calcium gluconate tablet at the pharmacy. Set it on fire at home, the effect will be almost the same, only the “snake” will quickly collapse.

Magic lamp

In stores, you can often see lamps, inside which a beautiful illuminated liquid moves and shimmers. Such lamps were invented in the early 60s. They work on the basis of paraffin and oil. At the bottom of the device is a built-in conventional incandescent lamp that heats the descending molten wax. Part of it reaches the top and falls, the other part heats up and rises, so we see a kind of “dance” of paraffin inside the container.

In order to carry out a similar experience at home with a child, we need:

any juice;
vegetable oil;
tablets - pops;
beautiful container.

We take a container and fill it with juice more than half. Add vegetable oil on top and throw a pop-up tablet there. It begins to “work”, the bubbles rising from the bottom of the glass capture the juice in themselves and form a beautiful seething in the oil layer. Then the bubbles that reach the edge of the glass burst, and the juice falls down. It turns out a kind of "cycle" of juice in a glass. Such magic lamps are absolutely harmless, unlike paraffin lamps, which a child can accidentally break and burn himself.

Balloon and Orange: An Experience for Toddlers

What will happen to a balloon if you drop orange or lemon juice on it? It will burst as soon as drops of citrus touch it. And then you can eat an orange with your baby. It's very entertaining and fun. For the experience, we need a couple of balloons and citrus. We inflate them and let the baby drip fruit juice on each and see what happens.

Why does the ball burst? It's all about a special chemical - limonene. It is found in citrus fruits and is often used in the cosmetics industry. When the juice comes into contact with the rubber of the balloon, a reaction occurs, limonene dissolves the rubber and the balloon bursts.

sweet glass

Amazing things can be made from caramelized sugar. In the early days of cinema, most fight scenes used this edible sweet glass. This is because it is less traumatic for actors during filming and is inexpensive. Its fragments can then be collected, melted down and made into props for the film.

Many in childhood made sugar cockerels or fudge, glass should be made according to the same principle. Pour water into a saucepan, heat a little, the water should not be cold. After that, pour sugar into it and bring to a boil. When the liquid boils, cook until the mass begins to gradually thicken and bubble strongly. The melted sugar in the container should turn into a viscous caramel, which, if lowered into cold water, will turn into glass.

Pour the prepared liquid onto a baking sheet previously prepared and greased with vegetable oil, cool and the sweet glass is ready.

During the cooking process, dye can be added to it and cast into any interesting shape, and then treat and surprise everyone around.

Philosopher's nail

This entertaining experience is based on the principle of iron coppering. Named by analogy with a substance that, according to legend, could turn everything into gold, and was called the philosopher's stone. To conduct the experiment, we will need:

iron nail;
a fourth of a glass of acetic acid;
food salt;
soda;
a piece of copper wire;
glass container.

We take a glass jar and pour acid, salt into it and stir well. Be careful, vinegar has a strong unpleasant odor. It can burn the baby's delicate airways. Then we put the copper wire into the resulting solution for 10-15 minutes, after some time we lower the iron nail previously cleaned with soda into the solution. After some time, we can see that a copper coating has appeared on it, and the wire has become shiny as new. How could this happen?

Copper reacts with acetic acid, a copper salt is formed, then copper ions on the surface of the nail change places with iron ions and form a plaque on its surface. And the concentration of iron salts increases in the solution.

Copper coins are not suitable for the experiment, since this metal itself is very soft, and to make the money stronger, its alloys with brass and aluminum are used.

Copper products do not rust over time, they are covered with a special green coating - patina, which prevents it from further corrosion.

DIY soap bubbles

Who didn't love blowing bubbles as a child? How beautifully they shimmer and burst merrily. You can just buy them at the store, but it will be much more interesting to create your own solution with your child and then blow bubbles.

It should be said right away that the usual mixture of laundry soap and water will not work. It produces bubbles that quickly disappear and are poorly blown. The most affordable way to prepare such a substance is to mix two glasses of water with a glass of dish detergent. If sugar is added to the solution, then the bubbles become stronger. They will fly for a long time and will not burst. And the huge bubbles that can be seen on stage with professional artists are obtained by mixing glycerin, water and detergent.

For beauty and mood, you can mix food paint into the solution. Then the bubbles will glow beautifully in the sun. You can create several different solutions and take turns using them with your child. It is interesting to experiment with color and create your own new shade of soap bubbles.

You can also try mixing soap solution with other substances and see how they affect the bubbles. Maybe you will invent and patent some new kind of your own.

Spy ink

This legendary invisible ink. What are they made from? Now there are so many films about spies and interesting intellectual investigations. You can invite your child to play a little secret agents.

The meaning of such ink is that they cannot be seen on paper with the naked eye. Only by applying a special effect, for example, heating or chemical reagents, can a secret message be seen. Unfortunately, most recipes for making them are ineffective and such ink leaves marks.

We will make special ones that are difficult to see without special identification. For this you will need:

water;
spoon;
baking soda;
any source of heat;
stick with cotton at the end.

Pour warm liquid into any container, then, while stirring, pour baking soda into it until it stops dissolving, i.e. the mixture will reach a high concentration. We put a stick with cotton on the end there and write something on paper with it. Let's wait until it dries, then bring the leaf to a lit candle or gas stove. After a while, you can see how the yellow letters of the written word appear on the paper. Make sure that during the development of the letters the leaf does not catch fire.

Fireproof money

This is a well-known and old experiment. For it you will need:

water;
alcohol;
salt.

Take a deep glass container and pour water into it, then add alcohol and salt, stir well so that all the ingredients are dissolved. For ignition, you can take ordinary pieces of paper, if you don’t mind, then you can take a bill. Just take a small denomination, otherwise something may go wrong in the experience and the money will be spoiled.

Put strips of paper or money in a water-salt solution, after a while they can be removed from the liquid and set on fire. You can see that the flame covers the entire banknote, but it does not light up. This effect is explained by the fact that the alcohol in the solution evaporates, and the wet paper itself does not light up.

wish fulfilling stone

The process of growing crystals is very exciting, but time consuming. However, what you get as a result will be worth the time spent. The most popular is the creation of crystals from table salt or sugar.

Consider growing a "wish stone" from refined sugar. For this you will need:

drinking water;
granulated sugar;
paper sheet;
thin wooden stick;
small container and glass.

Let's make a preparation first. To do this, we need to prepare a sugar mixture. Pour some water and sugar into a small container. We wait until the mixture boils, and boil until a syrupy state is formed. Then we lower the wooden stick there and sprinkle it with sugar, you need to do this evenly, in this case the resulting crystal will become more beautiful and even. Leave the base for the crystal overnight to dry and harden.

Let's prepare the syrup solution. Pour water into a large container and fall asleep, slowly stirring, sugar there. Then, when the mixture boils, boil it to the state of a viscous syrup. Remove from fire and let cool.

Cut out circles from paper and attach them to the end of a wooden stick. It will become a lid on which a wand with crystals is attached. We fill the glass with a solution and lower the workpiece there. We wait for a week, and the "stone of desires" is ready. If you put a dye in the syrup when cooking, it will turn out even more beautiful.

The process of creating crystals from salt is somewhat simpler. Here it will only be necessary to monitor the mixture and periodically change it in order to increase the concentration.

First of all, we create a blank. Pour warm water into a glass container, and gradually stir, pour salt until it stops dissolving. We leave the container for a day. After this time, you can find many small crystals in the glass, choose the largest one and tie it to a thread. Make a new salt solution and put a crystal there, it must not touch the bottom or the edges of the glass. This can lead to unwanted deformations.

After a couple of days, you can see that he has grown. The more often you change the mixture, increasing the concentration of salt content, the faster you can grow your wish stone.

glowing tomato

This experiment must be carried out strictly under the supervision of adults, since harmful substances are used for its implementation. The glowing tomato that will be created during this experiment is strictly forbidden to eat, it can lead to death or severe poisoning. We will need:

ordinary tomato;
syringe;
sulfuric matter from matches;
bleach;
hydrogen peroxide.

We take a small container, put the previously prepared match sulfur there and pour in the bleach. We leave all this for a while, after which we collect the mixture into a syringe and introduce it into the tomato from different sides, so that it glows evenly. To start the chemical process, hydrogen peroxide is needed, which we introduce through the trace from the petiole from above. We turn off the light in the room, and we can enjoy the process.

Egg in Vinegar: A Very Simple Experience

This is a simple and interesting ordinary acetic acid. For its implementation, you will need boiled egg and vinegar. Take a transparent glass container and lower the egg in the shell into it, then fill it to the top with acetic acid. You can see how bubbles rise from its surface, this is a chemical reaction. After three days, we can observe that the shell has become soft, and the egg is elastic, like a ball. If you point a flashlight at it, you can see that it glows. Conduct an experiment with raw egg not recommended, as the soft shell may break when squeezed.

Do-it-yourself slime from PVA

This is a fairly common strange toy of our childhood. Currently, it is quite difficult to find it. Let's try to make slime at home. Its classic color is green, but you can use whatever you like. Try mixing several shades and create your own unique color.

For the experiment we need:

glass jar;
several small glasses;
dye;
PVA glue;
regular starch.

Let's prepare three identical glasses with solutions that we will mix. Pour PVA glue into the first, water into the second, and starch into the third. First, pour water into the jar, then add glue and dye, mix everything thoroughly and then add starch. The mixture must be quickly mixed so that it does not thicken, and you can play with the finished slime.

How to quickly inflate a balloon

Soon the holiday and you need to inflate a lot of balloons? What to do? This unusual experience will help to facilitate the task. For him, we need a rubber ball, acetic acid and ordinary soda. It must be carried out carefully in the presence of adults.

Pour a pinch of baking soda into a balloon and put it on the neck of the bottle of acetic acid so that the soda does not spill out, straighten the balloon and let its contents fall into the vinegar. You will see how the chemical reaction will take place, it will begin to foam, releasing carbon dioxide and inflating the balloon.

That's all for today. Do not forget that it is better to conduct experiments for children at home under supervision, it will be both safer and more interesting. See you soon!

Parents of little fidgets can surprise them with experiments that can be done at home. Light, but at the same time amazing and delightful, they are able not only to diversify the child's leisure time, but also allow you to look at familiar things with completely different eyes. And discover their properties, functions, purpose.

Young naturalists

Experimenting at home, great for kids under 10, is the best way to help your child gain hands-on experience for the future.

Safety precautions during experiments

In order for the conduct of cognitive experiments not to be overshadowed by troubles and injuries, it is enough to remember a few simple but important rules.

Safety comes first

Before you start working with chemicals, the work surface must be protected by covering it with film or paper. This will save parents from unnecessary cleaning and will save appearance and functionality of furniture.
In the process of work, you do not need to get too close to the reagents, bending over them. Especially if the plans include chemical experiments for young children, in which unsafe substances are involved. The measure will protect the mucous membranes of the mouth and eyes from irritation and burns.
If possible, use protective equipment: gloves, goggles. They should fit the child in size and not interfere with him during the experiment.

Simple experiments for the little ones

Developmental experiences and experiments for the youngest children (or for children under 10 years old) are usually simple and do not require parents to have any special skills or rare or expensive equipment. But the joy of discovery and a miracle, which is so easy to do with your own hands, will remain with him for a long time.

For example, children will be indescribably delighted with the real seven-color rainbow, which they can call up themselves with the help of an ordinary mirror, a container of water and a sheet of white paper.

Rainbow in a bottle experience

To begin with, a mirror is placed at the bottom of a small basin or bath. Then, it is filled with water; and the light of the lantern is directed to the mirror. After the light is reflected and passed through the water, it decomposes into its constituent colors, becoming the same rainbow that can be seen on a sheet of white paper.

Another very simple and beautiful experiment can be done using plain water, wire and salt.

To start the experiment, you need to prepare a supersaturated salt solution. Calculating the required concentration of a substance is quite simple: with the required amount of salt in water, it ceases to dissolve when the next portion is added. It is very good to use warm distilled water for this purpose. In order for the experiment to be more successful, the finished solution can also be poured into another container - this will remove dirt and make it cleaner.

Experience "Salt on a wire"

When everything is ready, a small piece of copper wire with a loop at the end is lowered into the solution. The container itself is removed to a warm place and left there for a certain time. As the solution begins to cool, the solubility of the salt will decrease and it will begin to settle on the wire in the form of beautiful crystals. It will be possible to notice the first results in a few days. By the way, not only ordinary, straight wire can be used in the experiment: by twisting bizarre figures out of it, you can grow crystals of various sizes and shapes. By the way, this experiment will give the child a great idea for New Year's toys in the form of real ice snowflakes - just find a flexible wire and form a beautiful symmetrical snowfield out of it.

Invisible ink can also make an indelible impression on the child. Preparing them is very simple: just take a cup of water, matches, cotton wool, half a lemon. And a sheet on which you can write the text.

Invisible ink can be bought ready-made

Start by mixing equal amounts of lemon juice and water in a bowl. Then, a little cotton wool is wound around a toothpick or a thin match. The resulting "pencil" is dipped into the mixture in the resulting liquid; then they can write any text on a piece of paper.

Although at first the words on paper will be completely invisible, it will be very easy to manifest them. To do this, a sheet with already dried ink must be brought to the lamp. The written words will immediately appear on a heated sheet of paper.

What kid doesn't love balloons?

It turns out that you can even inflate an ordinary balloon in a very original way. To do this, dissolve one tablespoon of baking soda in a bottle of water. And in another cup, the juice of one lemon and three tablespoons of vinegar are mixed. After, the contents of the cup are introduced into the bottle (for convenience, you can use a small funnel). The ball must be put on the neck of the bottle as quickly as possible until the chemical reaction is over. During this time, carbon dioxide will be able to quickly inflate the balloon under pressure. In order for the ball not to jump off the neck of the bottle, it can be fixed with tape or tape.

Experience "Inflate the balloon"

Colored milk looks very interesting and unusual, the colors of which will move, fancifully mixing with each other. For this experiment, you need to pour some whole milk into a plate and add a few drops of food coloring to it. Separate areas of the liquid will turn into different colors, but the spots will remain motionless. How to set them in motion? Very simple. It is enough to take a small cotton swab and, having previously dipped it in detergent, bring it to the surface of colored milk. By reacting with the milk fat molecules, the detergent molecules will make it move.

Experience "Drawings on milk"

Important! Skimmed milk will not work for this experiment. You can only use whole!

Surely all children have seen at home and on the street for funny air bubbles in a mineral or sweet water. But are they strong enough to lift a grain of corn or raisins to the surface? It turns out yes! To check this, just pour any sparkling water into the bottle, and then throw some corn or raisins into it. The child will see for himself how easy under the action of air bubbles both corn and raisins will begin to rise, and then - having reached the surface of the liquid - fall down again.

Experiments for older children

Older children (from 10 years old) can be offered more complex chemical experiments that require more components. These experiments for older children are a little more difficult, but children can already take part in them.

To comply with safety regulations, children under 10 years of age should conduct experiments under the strict supervision of adults, mainly in the role of a spectator. Children over 10 years of age can take a more active part in the experiments.

An example of such an experiment would be the creation of a lava lamp. Surely many children dream of such a miracle. But, it is much more pleasant to make it with your own hands, using simple components for this, which are sure to be found in every home.

Experience "Lava Lamp"

The basis of the lava lamp will be a small jar or the most ordinary glass. In addition, for the experiment you will need vegetable oil, water, salt and a little food coloring.

The jar, or other container used as the base of the lamp, is filled with two-thirds of water and one-third with oil. Since oil is much lighter than water by weight, it will remain on its surface without mixing with it. Then, a little food coloring is added to the jar - this will give the lava lamp color and make the experiment more beautiful and spectacular. And after that, a teaspoon of salt is placed in the resulting mixture. For what? Salt causes the oil to sink to the bottom in the form of bubbles, and then, dissolving, pushes them up.

The following chemistry experiment will help make a school subject like geography fun and interesting.

Making a volcano with your own hands

After all, studying volcanoes is much more interesting when there is not just a dry book text nearby, but a whole model! Especially if you make it easy at home with your own hands, using the available tools at hand: sand, food coloring, soda, vinegar and a bottle are perfect.

To begin with, a bottle is placed on the tray - it will become the basis of the future volcano. Around it you need to mold a small cone of sand, clay or plasticine - so the mountain will take on a more complete and believable look. Now you need to cause a volcanic eruption: a little warm water is poured into the bottle, then a little soda and food coloring (red or orange). The final touch will be a quarter cup of vinegar. Having reacted with soda, the vinegar will begin to actively push the contents of the bottle out. This explains the interesting effect of the eruption, which can be observed with the child.

Volcano can be made from toothpaste

Can paper burn without burning?

It turns out yes. And the experiment with fireproof money will easily prove it. To do this, a ten-ruble banknote is immersed in a 50% alcohol solution (water is mixed with alcohol in a ratio of 1 to 1, a pinch of salt is added to it). After the bill is properly soaked, excess liquid is removed from it, and the bill itself is set on fire. Having flared up, it will begin to burn, but it will not burn out at all. The explanation for this experience is quite simple. The temperature at which alcohol burns is not high enough to evaporate water. Thanks to this, even after the substance burns out completely, the money will remain slightly wet, but absolutely intact.

Ice experiments are always a success

Young nature lovers can be encouraged to germinate seeds at home without using the soil. How it's done?

A little cotton wool is placed in the eggshell; it is actively wetted with water, and then some seeds (for example, alfalfa) are placed in it. In just a few days, the first shoots will be visible. Thus, soil is not always needed for seed germination - only water is enough.

And the next experiment, which is easy to do at home for children, will surely appeal to girls. After all, who doesn't love flowers?

A painted flower can be given to mom

Especially the most unusual, bright colors! Thanks to a simple experience, right in front of astonished children, simple and familiar flowers can turn into the most unexpected color. Moreover, it is extremely simple to do this: just put the cut flower in water with food coloring added to it. Climbing the stem to the petals, chemical dyes will color them in the colors you need. To better absorb water, it is better to cut diagonally - so it will have the maximum area. In order for the color to appear brighter, it is advisable to use light, or white flowers. An even more interesting and fantastic effect will be obtained if, before the start of the experiment, the stem is split into several parts and each of them is immersed in its own glass of colored water.

Petals will be painted in all colors at once in the most unexpected and bizarre way. What will undoubtedly make an indelible impression on the child!

Experience "Colored foam"

Everyone knows that under the influence of gravity, water can only flow down. But, is it possible to make it rise up the napkin? To conduct this experiment, an ordinary glass is filled with water by about a third. The napkin is folded several times so that a narrow rectangle is obtained. After that, the napkin unfolds again; stepping back a little from the bottom edge on it, you need to draw a line of colored dots of a sufficiently large diameter. The napkin is immersed in water so that about one and a half centimeters of its colored part is in it. Having come into contact with a napkin, the water will gradually rise up, staining it with multi-colored stripes. This unusual effect is due to the fact that, having a porous structure, the fibers of the napkin easily pass water up.

Experience with water and a napkin

For the next experiment, you will need a small blotter, cookie cutters of various shapes, some gelatin, a transparent bag, a glass and water.

Gelatin water does not mix

Gelatin dissolves in a quarter cup of water; it should swell and increase in volume. Then, the substance is dissolved in a water bath and brought to about 50 degrees. the resulting liquid must be distributed in a thin layer over a plastic bag. With the help of cookie cutters, figures of various shapes are cut out of gelatin. After that, they need to be laid on a blotter or napkin, and then breathe on them. The warm breath will cause the gelatin to expand in volume, causing the figures to begin to curve on one side.

Experiments carried out at home with children are very easy to diversify.

Gelatin figures from molds

In winter, you can try to slightly modify the experiment by taking the gelatin figurines to the balcony or leaving them in the freezer for a while. When the gelatin hardens under the influence of cold, patterns of ice crystals will clearly appear on it.

Conclusion

Description of other experiences

Delight and a sea of positive emotions - that's what experimenting for curious children will give, carried out together with adults. And parents will allow themselves to share the joy of the first discoveries with young researchers. After all, no matter how old a person is, the opportunity to return to childhood at least for a short time is truly priceless.

A chemist is a very interesting and multifaceted profession, uniting many different specialists under its wing: chemists, chemical technologists, analytical chemists, petrochemists, chemistry teachers, pharmacists and many others. We decided together with them to celebrate the upcoming Chemist Day 2017, so we chose some interesting and impressive experiments in the field under consideration, which even those who are as far from the profession of a chemist as far as possible can repeat. The best chemistry experiments at home - read, watch and remember!

When is Chemist's Day celebrated?

Before we begin to consider our chemical experiments, let us clarify that the Chemist's Day is traditionally celebrated on the territory of the states of the post-Soviet space at the very end of spring, namely, on the last Sunday of May. This means that the date is not fixed: for example, in 2017 Chemist's Day is celebrated on May 28th. And if you work in the chemical industry, or study a specialty from this area, or are otherwise directly related to chemistry on duty, then you have every right to join the celebration on this day.

Chemical experiments at home

And now let's get down to the main thing, and we begin to perform interesting chemical experiments: it is best to do this together with young children, who will definitely perceive what is happening as a magic trick. Moreover, we tried to select such chemical experiments, the reagents for which can be easily obtained at a pharmacy or a store.

Experience No. 1 - Chemical traffic light

Let's start with a very simple and beautiful experiment, which received such a name by no means in vain, because the liquid participating in the experiment will change its color just to the colors of the traffic light - red, yellow and green.

You will need:

indigo carmine;
glucose;
caustic soda;
water;
2 clear glass containers.

Don't let the names of some of the ingredients scare you - you can easily buy glucose in tablets at a pharmacy, indigo carmine is sold in stores as a food coloring, and you can find caustic soda in a hardware store. It is better to take containers tall, with a wide base and a narrower neck, for example, flasks, so that it is more convenient to shake them.

But what is interesting about chemical experiments - there is an explanation for everything:

By mixing glucose with caustic soda, i.e. sodium hydroxide, we obtained an alkaline solution of glucose. Then, mixing it with a solution of indigo carmine, we oxidize the liquid with oxygen, with which it was saturated during the transfusion from the flask - this is the reason for the appearance of green color. Further, glucose begins to work as a reducing agent, gradually changing color to yellow. But by shaking the flask, we again saturate the liquid with oxygen, allowing the chemical reaction to go through this circle again.

How interesting it looks live, you will get an idea from this short video:

Experience No. 2 - A universal indicator of acidity from cabbage

Children love interesting chemical experiments with colorful liquids, it's no secret. But we, as adults, responsibly declare that such chemical experiments look very spectacular and curious. Therefore, we advise you to conduct another "color" experiment at home - a demonstration of the amazing properties of red cabbage. It, like many other vegetables and fruits, contains anthocyanins - natural dyes-indicators that change their color depending on the pH level - i.e. the degree of acidity of the environment. This property of cabbage is useful to us in order to obtain further multi-colored solutions.

What we need:

1/4 red cabbage;
lemon juice;
baking soda solution;
vinegar;
sugar solution;
drink type "Sprite";
disinfectant;
bleach;
water;
8 flasks or glasses.

Many substances on this list are quite dangerous, so be careful when doing simple chemistry experiments at home, wear gloves, goggles if possible. And do not let children get too close - they can knock over the reagents or the final contents of the colored cones, even want to try them, which should not be allowed.

Let's get started:

And how do these chemical experiments explain the color changes?

The fact is that light falls on all objects that we see - and it contains all the colors of the rainbow. Moreover, each color in the spectrum beam has its own wavelength, and molecules of different shapes, in turn, reflect and absorb these waves. The wave that is reflected from the molecule is the one that we see, and this determines what color we perceive - because other waves are simply absorbed. And depending on what substance we add to the indicator, it begins to reflect only rays of a certain color. Nothing complicated!

A slightly different version of this chemical experiment, with fewer reagents, see the video:

Experience number 3 - Dancing jelly worms

We continue to do chemical experiments at home - and we will conduct the third experiment on all our favorite jelly sweets in the form of worms. Even adults will find it funny, and children will be completely delighted.

Take the following ingredients:

a handful of jelly worms;
vinegar essence;
ordinary water;
baking soda;
glasses - 2 pcs.

When choosing the right candies, opt for smooth gooey worms, without sugar sprinkles. So that they are not heavy and move more easily, cut each candy lengthwise into two halves. So, we begin interesting chemical experiments:

Make a solution of warm water and 3 tablespoons of baking soda in one glass.
Put the worms in there and hold them there for about fifteen minutes.
Fill another deep glass with essence. Now you can slowly throw the jelly into the vinegar, watching how they begin to move up and down, which in some ways looks like a dance:

Why is this happening?

It's simple: baking soda, in which the worms are soaked for a quarter of an hour, is sodium bicarbonate, and the essence is an 80% solution of acetic acid. When they react, water, carbon dioxide in the form of small bubbles, and the sodium salt of acetic acid are formed. It is carbon dioxide in the form of bubbles that surrounds the worm, rises up, and then falls when they burst. But the process is still going on, causing the candy to rise on the resulting bubbles and descend until it is complete.

And if you are seriously interested in chemistry, and want Chemist's Day to become your professional holiday in the future, then you will probably be curious to watch the following video, which details the typical everyday life of chemistry students and their exciting educational and scientific activities:

Take it, tell your friends!

lava lamp

For experience you need:
– Transparent bottle or vase
— Water
- Sunflower oil
- Food coloring
- Several effervescent tablets "Suprastin"

Mix water with food coloring sunflower oil. You don't need to mix, and you won't be able to. When a clear line between water and oil is visible, we throw a couple of Suprastin tablets into the container. Watching lava flows.

Since the density of oil is lower than that of water, it remains on the surface, with an effervescent tablet creating bubbles that carry water to the surface.

Elephant Toothpaste

For experience you need:
- Bottle
- small cup
— Water
- Dish detergent or liquid soap
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Fast acting nutritional yeast
- Food coloring

Mix liquid soap, hydrogen peroxide and food coloring in a bottle. In a separate cup, dilute the yeast with water and pour the resulting mixture into a bottle. We look at the eruption.

Yeast releases oxygen, which reacts with hydrogen and is pushed out. Due to the soap suds, a dense mass erupts from the bottle.

Hot Ice

For experience you need:
- container for heating
- Clear glass cup
- Plate
- 200 g baking soda
- 200 ml of acetic acid or 150 ml of its concentrate
- crystallized salt

We mix acetic acid and soda in a saucepan, wait until the mixture stops sizzling. We turn on the stove and evaporate excess moisture until an oily film appears on the surface. The resulting solution is poured into a clean container and cooled to room temperature. Then add a crystal of soda and watch how the water “freezes” and the container becomes hot.

Heated and mixed vinegar and soda form sodium acetate, which, when melted, becomes an aqueous solution of sodium acetate. When salt is added to it, it begins to crystallize and release heat.

rainbow in milk

For experience you need:
- Milk
- Plate
- Liquid food coloring in several colors
- cotton swab
— Detergent

Pour milk into a plate, drip dyes in several places. Wet a cotton swab in detergent, dip it into a bowl of milk. Let's see the rainbow.

In the liquid part there is a suspension of droplets of fat, which, when in contact with the detergent, split and rush from the inserted stick in all directions. A regular circle is formed due to surface tension.

Smoke without fire

For experience you need:
– Hydroperite
— Analgin
- Mortar and pestle (can be replaced with a ceramic cup and spoon)

The experiment is best done in a well-ventilated area.
We grind hydroperite tablets to a powder, we do the same with analgin. We mix the resulting powders, wait a bit, see what happens.

During the reaction, hydrogen sulfide, water and oxygen are formed. This leads to partial hydrolysis with the elimination of methylamine, which interacts with hydrogen sulfide, a suspension of its small crystals which resembles smoke.

pharaoh snake

For experience you need:
- Calcium gluconate
- Dry fuel
- Matches or lighter

We put several tablets of calcium gluconate on dry fuel, set fire to it. Let's look at the snakes.

Calcium gluconate decomposes when heated, which leads to an increase in the volume of the mixture.

non-newtonian fluid

For experience you need:

- mixing bowl
- 200 g corn starch
- 400 ml of water

Gradually add water to the starch and stir. Try to make the mixture homogeneous. Now try to roll the ball out of the resulting mass and hold it.

The so-called non-Newtonian fluid behaves like a solid body during fast interaction, and like a liquid during slow interaction.

Categories
- Bakery
- Dessert
- Diary
- diaries
- Snacks
- canning
- cooking
- Recipes
- Recipes
- With the world on a string

Popular